Family risk, ACEs, early use, and high-potency nicotine/cannabis increase teen substance problems; supportive parental monitoring and relationships can reduce risk.
The Trauma of Having a Parent With Untreated Mental Illness
Untreated parental mental illness can create chaotic, traumatic environments for children, causing role reversal, emotional harm, and risky coping behaviors.
Motivational Interviewing for Adolescent Substance Use
Counselors should use an individualized approach for adolescent substance use, incorporating motivational interviewing to enhance client engagement and commitment to change.