#turn-taking

#turn-taking

In clinical speech therapy, we use strategic pauses throughout a session with a client. This is similar to resting between physical therapy exercises. When we are teaching people how to use their speech sounds or helping them increase their vocabulary, it's helpful to let the mind rest in between sets.

Intuition might have you thinking that face-to-face contact is better at getting the creative juices flowing than a voice-only phone call. A 2022 study led by business professor Melanie Brucks, however, found that videoconferencing was detrimental to creative idea generation because communicators feel obligated to stare at the screen. The experiment pitted videoconference groups against in-person groups to see which could find more creative uses for different objects.

For the first time, speech has been decoupled from consequence. We now live alongside AI systems that converse knowledgeably and persuasively-deploying claims about the world, explanations, advice, encouragement, apologies, and promises-while bearing no vulnerability for what they say. Millions of people already rely on chatbots powered by large language models, and have integrated these synthetic interlocutors into their personal and professional lives. An LLM's words shape our beliefs, decisions, and actions, yet no speaker stands behind them.

Behavioral economics applies economic modeling to resources other than money. Economic modeling is a way of tracking and predicting changes in the distribution of anything we value-the give and take, ebbs and flows, supplies and demands, cooperations and competitions over any limited resource that people desire. For example, attention. People want it. There's a limited supply. "Attentionomics" is big business these days, tracking the supply of and demand for attention.

My friend recently attended a funeral, and midway through the eulogy, he became convinced that it had been written by AI. There was the telltale proliferation of abstract nouns, a surfeit of assertions that the deceased was "not just X-he was Y" coupled with a lack of concrete anecdotes, and more appearances of the word collaborate than you would expect from a rec-league hockey teammate.

The principle of intellectual charity is fundamental to constructive political conversations. This principle states that, in any discussion, we should accept the best version of an opponent's ideas, not a distorted version or a "straw man." Exaggeration and distortion of opposing opinions (always present, to some degree, in political debates) have become the standard form of political argument in contemporary America.

I've interviewed over 200 people for articles, from startup founders to burned-out middle managers, and I've discovered something fascinating: intellectual depth isn't about fancy degrees or knowing obscure facts. It shows up in how we communicate. When certain habits dominate someone's style, it reveals a concerning lack of curiosity and critical thinking that goes beyond just being annoying-it fundamentally limits their ability to engage with the world meaningfully.

There's nothing like eavesdropping to show you that the world outside your head is different from the world inside your head. It doesn't get nearly enough credit. Instead of being understood as an uncouth behavior, "overhearing" should be celebrated, welcomed and pursued. It's an underrated tool in an increasingly lonely and disconnected world.

You know that feeling when you're talking to someone and something just feels... off? They're smiling, nodding, saying all the right things, but there's this invisible wall between you. I used to dismiss this gut instinct until I started paying closer attention during my interviews with hundreds of people over the years. The patterns became impossible to ignore. We've all been there, either giving or receiving these subtle signals.

After interviewing over 200 people for various articles and keeping a notes app full of overheard coffee shop conversations, I've noticed patterns in how people behave when they secretly can't stand someone. The fascinating part? Most of us do these things without even realizing it. These micro-behaviors are so subtle that they fly under the radar, yet they speak volumes. They're the social equivalent of a poker tell, revealing what someone really thinks while maintaining that polite facade we all hide behind.